Actions class Usage in Selenium WebDriver

Actions Class: It is mainly used to handle mouse and keyboard actions.
package:org.openqa.selenium.interactions

Action build()
Generates a composite action containing all actions so far, ready to be performed (and resets the internal builder state, so subsequent calls to build() will contain fresh sequences).
Actions click():
Clicks at the current mouse location.
Actions click(WebElement onElement)
Clicks in the middle of the given element.
Actions clickAndHold()
Clicks (without releasing) at the current mouse location.
Actions clickAndHold(WebElement onElement)
Clicks (without releasing) in the middle of the given element.
Actions contextClick()
Performs a context-click at the current mouse location.
Actions contextClick(WebElement onElement)
Performs a context-click at middle of the given element.
Actions doubleClick()
Performs a double-click at the current mouse location.
Actions doubleClick(WebElement onElement)
Performs a double-click at middle of the given element.
Actions dragAndDrop(WebElement source, WebElement target)
A convenience method that performs click-and-hold at the location
of the source element, moves to the location of the target element,
then releases the mouse.
Actions dragAndDropBy(WebElement source, int xOffset, int yOffset)
A convenience method that performs click-and-hold at the
location of the source element, moves by a given offset,
then releases the mouse.
Actions keyDown(Keys.keyName)
Performs a modifier key press.
Actions keyDown(WebElement element, Keys.keyname)
Performs a modifier key press after focusing on an element.
Actions keyUp(Keys.Keyname)
Performs a modifier key release.
Actions keyUp(WebElement element, Keys.Keyname)
Performs a modifier key release after focusing on an element.
Actions moveByOffset(int xOffset, int yOffset)
Moves the mouse from its current position (or 0,0) by the given offset.
Actions moveToElement(WebElement toElement)
Moves the mouse to the middle of the element.
Actions moveToElement(WebElement toElement, int xOffset, int yOffset)
Moves the mouse to an offset from the top-left corner of the element.

void perform()
A convenience method for performing the actions without calling build() first.
Actions release()
Releases the depressed left mouse button at the current mouse location.
Actions release(WebElement onElement)
Releases the depressed left mouse button, in the middle of the given element.
Actions sendKeys(java.lang.CharSequence... keysToSend)
Sends keys to the active element.
Actions sendKeys(WebElement element, keys.keyname)
Equivalent to calling: Actions.click(element).sendKeys(keysToSend). This method is different from WebElement.sendKeys(CharSequence...) - see sendKeys(CharSequence...) for details how.

//create an object for Actions class and pass the browser ref to the object.
Actions act=new Actions(driver);

calling the Actions class methods
refcvar.methodname().perform();

if you are performing multiple actions on the same element
build():Generates a composite action containing all actions so far, ready to be performed (and resets the internal builder state, so subsequent calls to build() will contain fresh sequences).
1)create an object for Actions class
Actions act=new Actions(driver);

Action actionrefvar=act.method1().method2().method3().method4().build();
 
actionrefvar.perform();

===============================================================

ACTIONS CLASS PROGRAMS :

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Program1: DRAG AND DROP TEST:

/**

 * 1)open the https://jqueryui.com/droppable/

 * 2)switch to iframe

 * 3)identify the source & target elements

 * 4)create object for Actions class

 * 5)then call dragAndDropBy(src,xcoordi,ycoordi).perform()

 * @throws InterruptedException

 */

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package testngprograms;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.testng.asserts.Assertion;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;

public class DragAndDropTest {

private WebDriver driver = null;

private WebDriverWait wait = null;

/**

 * 1)open the https://jqueryui.com/droppable/

 * 2)switch to iframe

 * 3)identify the source & target elements

 * 4)create object for Actions class

 * 5)then call dragAndDrop(src,tgt).perform()

 * @throws InterruptedException

 */

@Test

public void autoSuggestionBykeysTest() throws InterruptedException {

// open the google.com

driver.get("https://jqueryui.com/droppable/");

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleIs("Droppable | jQuery UI"));

//switch to Iframe

driver.switchTo().frame(0);

//driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.className("demo-frame")));

//identify the source

WebElement src=driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));

//identify the target element

WebElement tgt=driver.findElement(By.id("droppable"));

//create object for Actions class

Actions act = new Actions(driver);

//drag the source element to target element then release

//act.dragAndDrop(src, tgt).perform();

//click and hold the source element

act.clickAndHold(src).perform();

//move the source element to target element

act.moveToElement(tgt).perform();

//release the mouse at target element

act.release().perform();

Thread.sleep(3000);

}

@Parameters({ "browser" }) @BeforeClass public void setUp(String browser) { Reporter.log("started executing the @BeforeClass", true); if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) { ChromeOptions opt = new ChromeOptions(); opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true); driver = new ChromeDriver(opt); Reporter.log("chromebrowser is launched", true); } else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) { FirefoxOptions opt = new FirefoxOptions(); opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true); // interface refvar=new implementedclass(); driver = new FirefoxDriver(opt); Reporter.log("firefox browser is launched", true); } else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("edge")) { EdgeOptions opt = new EdgeOptions(); opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true); driver = new EdgeDriver(opt); } Reporter.log("edge browser is launched", true); Reporter.log("maximize the window", true); driver.manage().window().maximize(); Reporter.log("add implicitwait", true); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(10000)); Reporter.log("add explicitwait object", true); wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30)); Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true); wutils = new WebDriverUtils(driver); }

@AfterClass

public void afterClass() {

// close the browser

driver.close();

}

}

======================================================================

PROGRAM 2: DRAG AND DROPBY PROGRAM:

/**

 * 1)open the https://jqueryui.com/draggable/

 * 2)switch to iframe

 * 3)identify the source & target elements

 * 4)create object for Actions class

 * 5)then call dragAndDropBy(src,xcoord,ycoordinates).perform()

 * @throws InterruptedException

 */

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package testngprograms;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.testng.asserts.Assertion;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;

public class DragAndDropByTest {

private WebDriver driver = null;

private WebDriverWait wait = null;

@Test

public void dragAndDropByTest() throws InterruptedException {

// open the google.com

driver.get("https://jqueryui.com/draggable/");

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleIs("Draggable | jQuery UI"));

//switch to Iframe

//driver.switchTo().frame(0);

driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.className("demo-frame")));

//identify the source

WebElement src=driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));

//create object for Actions class

Actions act = new Actions(driver);

//drag the source element to x,y coordinate place

act.dragAndDropBy(src,100,120).perform();

//click and hold the source element

/*act.clickAndHold(src).perform();

//move the source element to target element

act.moveByOffset(100, 120).perform();

//release the mouse at target element

act.release().perform();*/

Thread.sleep(3000);

}

@Parameters({ "browser" })

@BeforeClass

public void setUp(String browser) {

Reporter.log("started executing the @BeforeClass", true);

if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) {

ChromeOptions opt = new ChromeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new ChromeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("chromebrowser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) {

FirefoxOptions opt = new FirefoxOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

// interface refvar=new implementedclass();

driver = new FirefoxDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("firefox browser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("edge")) {

EdgeOptions opt = new EdgeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new EdgeDriver(opt);

}

Reporter.log("edge browser is launched", true);

Reporter.log("maximize the window", true);

driver.manage().window().maximize();

Reporter.log("add implicitwait", true);

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(10000));

Reporter.log("add explicitwait object", true);

wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

wutils = new WebDriverUtils(driver);

}

@AfterClass

public void afterClass() {

// close the browser

driver.close();

}

}

=====================================================================

PROGRAM 3: MENU HANDLING:

/**

 * 1)open the https://jqueryui.com/menu/

 * 2)switch to iframe

 * 3)identify the music menu element

 * 4)create object for Actions class

 * 5)then call moveToElement(musicmenu).perform();

 6)wait for the rockSubMenu element --then movetoraocksubmenu

5)wait for the classicsubmenu and click on classic submenu

 * @throws InterruptedException

 */

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package testngprograms;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.testng.asserts.Assertion;

import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

public class MenuHandlingTest {

WebDriver driver=null;

WebDriverWait wait=null;

  @Test

  public void menuHandlingyTest() throws InterruptedException {

  //create Object for SoftAssert class

  SoftAssert sa=new SoftAssert();

  //open the url

  driver.get("https://jqueryui.com/menu/");

  wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("Menu | jQuery UI"));

  sa.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(driver.getTitle()));

  //switch to iframe based on position

  driver.switchTo().frame(0);

  

  //Create Object for Actions class

  Actions act=new Actions(driver);

//identify the Music menu

  WebElement musicMenu=driver.findElement(By.id("ui-id-9"));

  sa.assertTrue(musicMenu.isDisplayed(),"music menu is not available");  

  //move to the About element

  act.moveToElement(musicMenu).perform();

  

//identify the Music menu

  WebElement rockSubMenu=driver.findElement(By.id("ui-id-10"));

  

  wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(rockSubMenu));

  sa.assertTrue(rockSubMenu.isDisplayed(),"rocksubmenu is not available");

  //move to the About element

  act.moveToElement(rockSubMenu).perform();

  

//identify the Music ->rock-->classic submenu

  WebElement classicSubMenu=driver.findElement(By.id("ui-id-12"));

  

  wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(classicSubMenu));

  sa.assertTrue(classicSubMenu.isDisplayed(), "classic SubMenu is not available");

  //move to the About element

// act.moveToElement(classicSubMenu).perform();

  act.click(classicSubMenu).perform();

  sa.assertAll();

  Thread.sleep(3000);

  

  }

  @Parameters({ "browser" })

@BeforeClass

public void setUp(String browser) {

Reporter.log("started executing the @BeforeClass", true);

if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) {

ChromeOptions opt = new ChromeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new ChromeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("chromebrowser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) {

FirefoxOptions opt = new FirefoxOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

// interface refvar=new implementedclass();

driver = new FirefoxDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("firefox browser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("edge")) {

EdgeOptions opt = new EdgeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new EdgeDriver(opt);

}

Reporter.log("edge browser is launched", true);

Reporter.log("maximize the window", true);

driver.manage().window().maximize();

Reporter.log("add implicitwait", true);

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(10000));

Reporter.log("add explicitwait object", true);

wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

wutils = new WebDriverUtils(driver);

}

@AfterClass

public void afterClass() {

// close the browser

driver.close();

}

}

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Handling FlipKart menu

1)open the flipkart.com

2)verify the page title

3)if sign in popup appears close it

4)open electronics main menu

5)mouse over on laptops and desktops submenu

6)click on laptops submenu

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package testngprograms;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import basicprograms.WebDriverUtils;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

import java.time.Duration;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

public class FlipKartMenuHandlingTest {

WebDriver driver = null;

WebDriverWait wait = null;

WebDriverUtils wutils = null;

@Test

public void menuHandlingTest() throws InterruptedException {

Reporter.log("Started executing the menuHandlingTest", true);

Reporter.log("Open https://www.flipkart.com/ in the browser", true);

driver.get("https://www.flipkart.com/");

Reporter.log("wait for Online Shopping Site flipkart UI home page title", true);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("Online Shopping Site"));

Reporter.log("asserting the Online Shopping Site UI page title", true);

Assert.assertTrue(driver.getTitle().contains("Online Shopping Site"), "flipkart title is not loaded");

if(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@class='_2Sn47c']/div/div/button")).isDisplayed()) {

wutils.highLightElement1(driver, driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@class='_2Sn47c']/div/div/button")));

wutils.safeJavaScriptClick(driver, driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@class='_2Sn47c']/div/div/button")));

}

Reporter.log("Create Object for Actions class ", true);

Actions act = new Actions(driver);

Reporter.log("identify the source element ", true);

WebElement electronicsMenu = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='xtXmba'][contains(.,'Electronics')]"));

Reporter.log("Mouse over on Electronics main menu element ", true);

wutils.highLightElement1(driver, electronicsMenu);

act.moveToElement(electronicsMenu).perform();

WebElement laptopAndDesktopSubMenuOptin = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[starts-with(text(),'Laptop and Desktop')]"));

Reporter.log("Move the mouse to given x n y coordinates", true);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(laptopAndDesktopSubMenuOptin));

Thread.sleep(1000);

wutils.highLightElement1(driver, laptopAndDesktopSubMenuOptin);

act.moveToElement(laptopAndDesktopSubMenuOptin).perform();

WebElement laptopSubMenuOptin = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[starts-with(text(),'Laptops')]"));

Reporter.log("wait for the visibility of Laptops", true);

Thread.sleep(1000);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(laptopSubMenuOptin));

wutils.highLightElement1(driver, laptopSubMenuOptin);

Reporter.log("click on laptopSubMenuOptin element ", true);

wutils.safeJavaScriptClick(driver,laptopSubMenuOptin);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("Laptops - Biggest Deals on Laptops Online"));

Thread.sleep(2000);

}

@Parameters({ "browser" })

@BeforeClass

public void setUp(String browser) {

Reporter.log("started executing the @BeforeClass", true);

if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) {

ChromeOptions opt = new ChromeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new ChromeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("chromebrowser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) {

FirefoxOptions opt = new FirefoxOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

// interface refvar=new implementedclass();

driver = new FirefoxDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("firefox browser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("edge")) {

EdgeOptions opt = new EdgeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new EdgeDriver(opt);

}

Reporter.log("edge browser is launched", true);

Reporter.log("maximize the window", true);

driver.manage().window().maximize();

Reporter.log("add implicitwait", true);

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(10000));

Reporter.log("add explicitwait object", true);

wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

wutils = new WebDriverUtils(driver);

}

@AfterClass(alwaysRun = true)

public void afterClass() {

Reporter.log("started executing the @AfterClass", true);

Reporter.log("close the browser", true);

if (driver != null) {

driver.quit();

}

}

}

====================================================================

PROGRAM 4: MULTIPLEACTIONS PROGRAM

/**1)open the linkedin.com website url

  2)click on sign in link

3)wait for the sing in page title

4)identify the emaileditbox

5)create object for Actions class

6)call click() on emaileditbox then press the SHIFT key-->then type the selenium keyword in emaileditbox-->then release the SHIFT key-->then perform doublclick operation on emaileditbox-->then perform rightclick operation**/

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package testngprograms;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.testng.asserts.Assertion;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Action;

import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

public class MultipleActionsOnLinkedinPagetest {

private WebDriver driver=null;

private WebDriverWait wait=null;

  @Test

  public void compositeActionsTest() throws InterruptedException {

  //open the url

  driver.navigate().to("http://linkedin.com/home");

  wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("LinkedIn: Log In or Sign Up"));

  

  //click on Sign in link

  driver.findElement(By.linkText("Sign in")).click();

  

  wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("LinkedIn Login, Sign in | LinkedIn"));

  

  //identify the email editbox

  WebElement email_editbox=driver.findElement(By.id("username"));

    

  //create an object for Actions class

  Actions act=new Actions(driver);

  

  //composite actions

  Action cmpActions=act.click(email_editbox)

               .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)

               .sendKeys(email_editbox, "selenium")

               .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)

               .doubleClick(email_editbox)

               .contextClick().build();

  cmpActions.perform();

  Thread.sleep(3000);

  }

  @Parameters({ "browser" })

@BeforeClass

public void setUp(String browser) {

Reporter.log("started executing the @BeforeClass", true);

if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) {

ChromeOptions opt = new ChromeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new ChromeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("chromebrowser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) {

FirefoxOptions opt = new FirefoxOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

// interface refvar=new implementedclass();

driver = new FirefoxDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("firefox browser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("edge")) {

EdgeOptions opt = new EdgeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new EdgeDriver(opt);

}

Reporter.log("edge browser is launched", true);

Reporter.log("maximize the window", true);

driver.manage().window().maximize();

Reporter.log("add implicitwait", true);

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(10000));

Reporter.log("add explicitwait object", true);

wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

wutils = new WebDriverUtils(driver);

}

@AfterClass

public void afterClass() {

// close the browser

driver.close();

}

}

===============================================================

PROGRAM5: Open link in new tab and new window using Keys enum chord()

/**

open google.com

identify the about link

create tab and new window strings using Keys enum chord()

**/

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package testngprograms;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.testng.asserts.Assertion;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.WindowType;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

public class RightClickOperationTest {

WebDriver driver=null;

WebDriverWait wait=null;

  @Test

  public void rightClickOperationTest() throws InterruptedException {

  //open the url

  driver.get("https://google.com/");

  wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("Google"));

  Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(driver.getTitle()));

  //identify the About element

  WebElement aboutLink=driver.findElement(By.linkText("About"));

  String tab=Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL,Keys.RETURN);

  

  String newWindow=Keys.chord(Keys.SHIFT,Keys.ENTER);

  //openning link in new tab

  aboutLink.sendKeys(tab);

  

  Thread.sleep(5000);

  

  

  aboutLink.sendKeys(newWindow);

  

/* //Create Object for Actions class

  Actions act=new Actions(driver);

  //1.move to the About element

  act.moveToElement(aboutLink).perform();

  

Thread.sleep(5000);

  

  }

@Test(description="linkedin home page Test")

public void openLinkInNewTabAndNewWindow() throws InterruptedException {

Reporter.log("open the linkedin url");

driver.get("https://linkedin.com");

Reporter.log("Verify Linkedin Home page title ", true);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleIs("LinkedIn: Log In or Sign Up"));

Reporter.log("asserting the LinkedIn: Log In or Sign Up page title", true);

Assert.assertEquals(driver.getTitle(), "LinkedIn: Log In or Sign Up");

Reporter.log("wait for the linkedin logo ", true);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//*[contains(@class,'nav__logo-link')]")));

WebElement signinLink=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[@class='nav__button-secondary btn-md btn-secondary-emphasis']"));

if(signinLink.isDisplayed()&&signinLink.isEnabled()) {

Reporter.log("click on sign in link ", true);

signinLink.click();

}

WebElement userNameEditbox=driver.findElement(By.id("username"));

Reporter.log("clear the content in username editbox", true);

userNameEditbox.clear();

//type without sendkeys method

wutils.setAttribute(userNameEditbox, "value", "seleniumwebdriver");

//highlight the element

wutils.highLightElement1(driver, userNameEditbox);

//identify the forgot password

WebElement forgotPassword=driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("a.btn__tertiary--medium.forgot-password"));

//tab

String tab=Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL,Keys.RETURN);

//new window

String newWindow=Keys.chord(Keys.SHIFT,Keys.ENTER);

//opening the link in new tab

forgotPassword.sendKeys(tab);

Thread.sleep(2000);

//opening the link in new window

forgotPassword.sendKeys(newWindow);

Thread.sleep(2000);

}

@Test

public void openNewTabAndNewWindow() throws InterruptedException {

//open the new tab and switch to it open any url inthat tab

driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.TAB);

//open the url

driver.navigate().to("https://facebook.com");

Thread.sleep(2000);

//open new window and switch to it

driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.WINDOW);

//open the url in new window

driver.navigate().to("https://amazon.in");

Thread.sleep(2000);

}

@Parameters({"browser"})

@BeforeClass(alwaysRun=true)

public void beforeClass(String browser) {

if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) {

ChromeOptions opt=new ChromeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new ChromeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("chromebrowser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) {

FirefoxOptions opt=new FirefoxOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

//opt.setBinary("C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe");

// interface refvar=new implementedclass();

driver = new FirefoxDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("firefox browser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("edge")) {

EdgeOptions opt=new EdgeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new EdgeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("edge browser is launched", true);

}

Reporter.log("maximize the window", true);

driver.manage().window().maximize();

Reporter.log("add implicitwait", true);

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(10000));

Reporter.log("add explicitwait object", true);

wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

wutils = new WebDriverUtils(driver);

}

@AfterClass(alwaysRun=true)

public void afterClass() {

Reporter.log("started executing the @AfterClass", true);

Reporter.log("close the browser", true);

if (driver != null) {

driver.quit();

}

}

  

}

=========================================================================

PROGRAM6: HighlightTypeWithoutSendKeysand performJavascriptClick

/**

open the amazon.in

identify the searcheditbox

highlight the searcheditbox and type headphones keyword without sendkeys()

send ENTER key to the searcheditbox using Actions class

Press PAGEDWON & PAGEUP keys using Actions class

then scroll for the backtotop element

click on backtoTop element using javascriptClick

*/

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package testngprograms;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

public class HighLightTypeWoSendKeysTest {

private WebDriver driver=null;

private WebDriverWait wait=null;

  @Test

  public void highlightAndTypeWoSendKeysTest() throws InterruptedException {

  //ope nthe url

  driver.navigate().to("http://amazon.in");

  wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("Amazon.in"));

  //create an object for Actions class

  Actions act=new Actions(driver);

    

//identify the search editbox

  WebElement srch_editbox=driver.findElement(By.id("twotabsearchtextbox"));

  //highlight the element

  Utility.highLightElement1(driver, srch_editbox);

  //type the value in search editbox

  Utility.setAttribute(srch_editbox, "value", "headphones");

  //Press Enter key on the element

  srch_editbox.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);

 

  //press PAGEDOWN from keywboard

  act.sendKeys(Keys.PAGE_DOWN).perform();

  Thread.sleep(3000);

  act.sendKeys(Keys.PAGE_UP).perform();

  Thread.sleep(5000);

  //scroll for element

  WebElement backTotop=driver.findElement(By.id("navBackToTop"));

  Utility.scrollForElement(driver, backTotop);

  Thread.sleep(3000);

  //perform click action using javascript click

  Utility.safeJavaScriptClick(driver, backTotop);

  

  Thread.sleep(3000);

  

  }

  @Parameters({"browser"})

@BeforeClass(alwaysRun=true)

public void beforeClass(String browser) {

if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) {

ChromeOptions opt=new ChromeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new ChromeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("chromebrowser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) {

FirefoxOptions opt=new FirefoxOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

//opt.setBinary("C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe");

// interface refvar=new implementedclass();

driver = new FirefoxDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("firefox browser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("edge")) {

EdgeOptions opt=new EdgeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new EdgeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("edge browser is launched", true);

}

Reporter.log("maximize the window", true);

driver.manage().window().maximize();

Reporter.log("add implicitwait", true);

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(10000));

Reporter.log("add explicitwait object", true);

wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

wutils = new WebDriverUtils(driver);

}

  @AfterClass

  public void afterClass() {

  Reporter.log("i am inside the @AfterClass ...");

  System.out.println("started executing the @AfterClass ..");

  if(driver!=null) {

  driver.close();

  }

  System.out.println("Ended executing the @AfterClass ..");

  }

}

=========================================================================

PROGRAM7:HANDLING WEB TABLES

/*

*

• Open the browser
• Load the page:https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/
• click on Sortable Data Tables link
• Click the column heading
• Grab the values for the column
• fetch all the rows then fetch all the columns for each row
• Close the browser

*

*

*/

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package testngprograms;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.LinkedList;

import java.util.List;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;

import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;

import static org.hamcrest.number.OrderingComparison.lessThan;

import static org.hamcrest.number.OrderingComparison.lessThanOrEqualTo;

import static org.hamcrest.number.OrderingComparison.greaterThanOrEqualTo;

public class HandlingTableTest {

WebDriver driver = null;

WebDriverWait wait = null;

@BeforeMethod

public void setupTest() {

driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/");

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("The Internet"));

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector("h1.heading")));

String headerTxt = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("h1.heading")).getText();

Assert.assertEquals("Welcome to the-internet", headerTxt);

// check whether Sortable Data Tables link is avaiable or not

try {

WebElement sortableTableLink = driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("Sortable Data Tables"));

Assert.assertTrue(sortableTableLink.isDisplayed());

sortableTableLink.click();

} catch (NoSuchElementException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

  @Test

  public void handlingTable() {

//wait for the DataTable page

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector("div.example > h3")));

//fetch all the columns

List<WebElement>columnsList=driver.findElements(By.xpath("//table[@id='table1']/thead/tr/th"));

System.out.println("no of columns in table:"+columnsList.size());

for(WebElement col:columnsList) {

System.out.println("column name is:"+col.getText());

}

//fetch all the rows in the table

List<WebElement>rowsList=driver.findElements(By.xpath("//table[@id='table1']//tbody/tr"));

System.out.println("no of rows in table:"+rowsList.size());

for(WebElement row:rowsList) {

System.out.println("Rows data "+row.getText());

}

System.out.println("***************************************************");

//iterate al lthe rows and columns

for(int i=1;i<=rowsList.size();i++) {

List<WebElement>columnsList1=driver.findElements(By.xpath("//table[@id='table1']/tbody/tr[1]/td"));

for(int j=1;j<=columnsList1.size();j++) {

System.out.println(i+"row "+j+" columns cell data:"+getTableCellData(i, j));

}

}

System.out.println("***************************************************");

/**

* //*[@id="table1"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[3]

* //*[@id="table1"]/tbody/tr[1]/td[3]

*/

System.out.println("cell data 2nd ow 3 col:"+getTableCellData(2,3));

System.out.println("cell data 3rd  ow 4 col:"+getTableCellData(3,4));

  }

  

  private String getTableCellData(int row,int col) {

String data=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='table1']/tbody/tr["+row+"]/td["+col+"]")).getText();

return data;

  }

  

  @Test

  public void sortDueColumnInAscendingOrder() {

 

      driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#table2 thead .dues")).click();

      List<WebElement> dues = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector("#table2 tbody .dues"));

      List<Double> dueValues = new LinkedList<Double>();

      for(WebElement element : dues){

          dueValues.add(Double.parseDouble(element.getText().replace("$", "")));

      }

      for(int counter = 0; counter < dueValues.size() - 1; counter++){

          assertThat(dueValues.get(counter), is(lessThanOrEqualTo(dueValues.get(counter + 1))));

      }

  

  }

  

  @Test

  public void withoutHelpfulMarkupDuesDescending() {

     

      driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#table1 thead tr th:nth-of-type(4)")).click();

      driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#table1 thead tr th:nth-of-type(4)")).click();

      List<WebElement> dues = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector("#table1 tbody tr td:nth-of-type(4)"));

      List<Double> dueValues = new LinkedList<Double>();

      for (WebElement element : dues) {

          dueValues.add(Double.parseDouble(element.getText().replace("$", "")));

      }

      for (int counter = 0; counter < dueValues.size() - 1; counter++) {

          assertThat(dueValues.get(counter), is(greaterThanOrEqualTo(dueValues.get(counter + 1))));

      }

  }

  

  @Test

  public void withoutHelpfulMarkupEmailAscending() {

    

      driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#table1 thead tr th:nth-of-type(3)")).click();

      List<WebElement> emails = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector("#table1 tbody tr td:nth-of-type(3)"));

      for(int counter = 0; counter < emails.size() -1; counter++){

       assertThat(emails.get(counter).getText().compareTo(emails.get(counter + 1).getText()),is(lessThan(0)));

      }

  }

  

  

  @Parameters({"browser"})

@BeforeClass(alwaysRun=true)

public void beforeClass(String browser) {

if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) {

ChromeOptions opt=new ChromeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new ChromeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("chromebrowser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) {

FirefoxOptions opt=new FirefoxOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

//opt.setBinary("C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe");

// interface refvar=new implementedclass();

driver = new FirefoxDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("firefox browser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("edge")) {

EdgeOptions opt=new EdgeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new EdgeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("edge browser is launched", true);

}

Reporter.log("maximize the window", true);

driver.manage().window().maximize();

Reporter.log("add implicitwait", true);

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(10000));

Reporter.log("add explicitwait object", true);

wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

wutils = new WebDriverUtils(driver);

}

   @AfterClass

   public void afterClass() {

    System.out.println("I am in AfterClass block");

  //close the browser

  driver.close();

   }

}

======================================================================

PROGRAM8: select the date from calender for current month

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package testngprograms;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

public class JqueryDatePickerTest {

WebDriver driver = null;

WebDriverWait wait = null;

@Test

public void dateSelectionTest() throws InterruptedException {

driver.get("http://jqueryui.com/datepicker/");

//switch to iframe

WebElement frameElement = driver.findElement(By.className("demo-frame"));

driver.switchTo().frame(frameElement);

// click to open the date time picker calendar.

By dtp = By.xpath("//*[@id='datepicker']");

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(dtp));

driver.findElement(dtp).click();

// Provide the day of the month to select the date.

HandleJQueryDateTimePicker("29");

Thread.sleep(3000);

}

// Function to select the day of the month in the date picker.

private void HandleJQueryDateTimePicker(String day) throws InterruptedException {

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("ui-datepicker-div")));

WebElement table = driver.findElement(By.className("ui-datepicker-calendar"));

System.out.println("JQuery Calendar Dates");

// fetch all the rows in the table

List<WebElement> tableRows = table.findElements(By.xpath("//tr"));

for (WebElement row : tableRows) {

//fetch the all columns for each row

List<WebElement> cells = row.findElements(By.xpath("//td"));

for (WebElement cell : cells) {

if (cell.getText().equals(day)) {

driver.findElement(By.linkText(day)).click();

}

}

}

// Switch back to the default screen again and scroll up by using

// the negative y-coordinates.

driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("scroll(0, -250);");

// Intentional pause for 2 seconds.

Thread.sleep(2000);

}

// Function to select the day of the month in the date picker.

private void HandleJQuerySelectMonthAndYear(String month,String year) throws InterruptedException {

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("ui-datepicker-div")));

WebElement table = driver.findElement(By.className("ui-datepicker-calendar"));

System.out.println("JQuery Calendar Dates");

String ActualMonthYearText=null;

String expectedMonthYearText=null;

do {

//fetch the currentmonth value

String monthVal=driver.findElement(By.className("ui-datepicker-month")).getText();

//fetch the current year value

String yearVal=driver.findElement(By.className("ui-datepicker-year")).getText();

if(!monthVal.equals(month)) {

//click on next/previous button

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//span[contains(.,'Next')]")).click();

}

ActualMonthYearText= monthVal+" "+yearVal;

expectedMonthYearText=month+" "+year;

if(ActualMonthYearText.equals(expectedMonthYearText)) {

//select the date method call 

}

}while(!ActualMonthYearText.equals(expectedMonthYearText));

// Switch back to the default screen again and scroll up by using

// the negative y-coordinates.

driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("scroll(0, -250);");

// Intentional pause for 2 seconds.

Thread.sleep(2000);

}

@Parameters({"browser"})

@BeforeClass(alwaysRun=true)

public void beforeClass(String browser) {

if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")) {

ChromeOptions opt=new ChromeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new ChromeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("chromebrowser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")) {

FirefoxOptions opt=new FirefoxOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

//opt.setBinary("C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe");

// interface refvar=new implementedclass();

driver = new FirefoxDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("firefox browser is launched", true);

} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("edge")) {

EdgeOptions opt=new EdgeOptions();

opt.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

driver = new EdgeDriver(opt);

Reporter.log("edge browser is launched", true);

}

Reporter.log("maximize the window", true);

driver.manage().window().maximize();

Reporter.log("add implicitwait", true);

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(10000));

Reporter.log("add explicitwait object", true);

wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

Reporter.log("creating Object for WebDriverUtils class", true);

wutils = new WebDriverUtils(driver);

}

@AfterClass

public void afterTest() {

driver.close();

}

}

=========================================================================

Converting Texts to Uppercase

When we want to enter the text manually, we press down the SHIFT key and enter the text simultaneously without releasing the SHIFT key. We can apply the same logic to our code like below-

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class keysDemo {

	@Test
	public static void refreshThePageUsingActions() {
		WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
		WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
		driver.get("https://www.google.com/");
		driver.manage().window().maximize();

		WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"tsf\"]/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div/div[2]/input"));
		
		Actions action = new Actions(driver);
		
		//holds the SHIFT key and converts the text to uppercase
		action.keyDown(element,Keys.SHIFT).sendKeys("lambdatest").build().perform();
	driver.quit();
		
	}

}

=====================================

Refresh the page

Actions class in Selenium test automation can also be used to perform the basic operation of refreshing. This might not seem as useful but it does have its perks when a browser is not able to read the contents of a page in the first go.

Below is a sample code that can be used to refresh a web page-

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class refresh {

	@Test
	public static void refreshThePageUsingActions() {
		WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
		WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
		
		driver.get("https://www.amazon.in");
		driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
		driver.manage().window().maximize();
		
		try {
			Thread.sleep(3000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		Actions action = new Actions(driver);
		
		action.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys(Keys.F5).build().perform();
		
		driver.quit();
	}

}

==========================================================================================

Copy & Paste

Copying some text from the source and pasting them in a target location can also be done with the help of actions class in Selenium test automation. The logic is the same as how we copy and paste texts manually.

Below is the sample code for copying the text and pasting it in another location-

import static org.testng.Assert.assertEquals;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class copyPaste {
	@Test
	public static void copyAndPasteUsingActions() {
		WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
	WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
	
	driver.get("https://www.google.com/account/about/");
	
	driver.manage().window().maximize();

	WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[text() = 'Create an account']"));

	element.click();
	driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
	
	WebElement firstName = driver.findElement(By.id("firstName"));
	WebElement userName = driver.findElement(By.id("username"));
	
	firstName.sendKeys("Ramesh");
	
	Actions action = new Actions(driver);

	action.keyDown( Keys.CONTROL ).sendKeys( "a" ).keyUp( Keys.CONTROL ).build().perform();
	action.keyDown( Keys.CONTROL ).sendKeys( "c" ).keyUp( Keys.CONTROL ).build().perform();
 
	userName.click();
	action.keyDown( Keys.CONTROL ).sendKeys( "v" ).keyUp( Keys.CONTROL ).build().perform();
driver.close();
	}
}

=====================================================================

• Open the browser
• Visit the page
• Find the element and send the space key to it
• Find the result text on the page and check to that it's what we expect
• Send the left arrow key to the element that's currently in focus
• Find the result text on the page and check to that it's what we expect
• Close the browser

=======================================================================

Scroll Up & Down the page

You can also scroll to the top or the bottom of a page using the Actions class in Selenium test automation.

import static org.testng.Assert.assertEquals;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class Scroll {

@Test
	public static void scrollUpAndDownUsingActions() {
		WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
		WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
		
		driver.get("https://www.lambdatest.com/");
		
		assertEquals(driver.getTitle(), "Most Powerful Cross Browser Testing Tool Online | LambdaTest");
		driver.manage().window().maximize();
		driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
		
		Actions act = new Actions(driver);
		// Scroll Down using Actions class
		act.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys(Keys.END).perform();

		try {
			Thread.sleep(1000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	      // Scroll Up using Actions class
		act.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys(Keys.HOME).perform();
	
		driver.close();
	}

}